The MVRV Z-Score is a metric used to assess whether Bitcoin is overvalued or undervalued relative to its "fair" or "intrinsic" value, therefore helping traders identify potential market tops and bottoms. It's calculated by comparing the asset's market value (market cap) to its realized value (the value stored based on prices when each coin last moved). A high Z-score suggests the asset is overvalued, while a low Z-score indicates undervaluation.